Ajuste fino de un modelo de producción vocal para estimar el estrés de impacto utilizando un método metaheurístico

Introducción: En modelos de producción vocal que emplean estructuras de resorte-masa-amortiguador, la precisión en la determinación de coeficientes de amortiguamiento que se asemejen a las características fisiológicas de las cuerdas vocales es crucial, teniendo en cuenta posibles variaciones en la representación de la viscoelasticidad. Objetivo: Este estudio tiene como objetivo realizar un ajuste paramétrico de un modelo de producción vocal basado en un sistema de resorte-masa-amortiguador que incorpora interacción con la presión subglótica, con el fin de modelar de manera precisa las fuerzas de colisión ejercidas por las cuerdas vocales durante la fonación. Método: Se utilizó un algoritmo de búsqueda metaheurística para la síntesis paramétrica. El algoritmo se aplicó a los coeficientes de elasticidad c1 y c2, así como a los coeficientes de amortiguamiento ε1 y ε2, que se correlacionan directamente con las matrices de masa del modelo. Esto facilita el ajuste de la composición de las cuerdas para lograr un comportamiento fisiológico deseado. Resultados: El comportamiento del sistema vocal para cada ciclo de simulación se comparó con un estándar predefinido en condiciones normales. El algoritmo determinó el punto final de la simulación evaluando las discrepancias entre características clave de las señales obtenidas y las deseadas. Conclusión: El ajuste paramétrico permitió la aproximación del comportamiento fisiológico de la producción vocal, proporcionando estimaciones de las fuerzas de impacto experimentadas por las cuerdas vocales durante la fonación.

Introduction: In vocal production models employing spring-mass-damper frameworks, precision in determining damping coefficients that align with physiological vocal fold characteristics is crucial, accounting for potential variations in the representation of viscosity-elasticity properties. Objective: This study aims to conduct a parametric fitting of a vocal production model based on a mass-spring-damper system incorporating subglottic pressure interaction, with the purpose of accurately modeling the collision forces exerted by vocal folds during phonation. Method: A metaheuristic search algorithm was employed for parametric synthesis. The algorithm was applied to elasticity coefficients c1 and c2, as well as damping coefficients ε1 and ε2, which directly correlate with the mass matrices of the model. This facilitates the adjustment of fold composition to achieve desired physiological behavior. Results: The vocal system's behavior for each simulation cycle was compared to a predefined standard under normal conditions. The algorithm determined the simulation endpoint by evaluating discrepancies between key features of the obtained signals and the desired ones. Conclusion: Parametric fitting enabled the approximation of physiological vocal production behavior, providing estimates of the impact forces experienced by vocal folds during phonation.

Riesgo psicosocial intralaboral y síndrome de desgaste profesional en psiquiatras de una clínica de Antioquia (Colombia) en el 2020: serie de casos / Intra-Labor Psychosocial Risk and Burnout Syndrome in Psychiatrists at a Clinic in Antioquia (Colombia) in 2020: Case Series / Risco psicossocial laboral e síndrome de Burnout em psiquiatras de uma clínica de Antioquia (Colômbia) em 2020: série de casos

Introducción: El síndrome de desgaste profesional es un conjunto de signos y síntomas ocasionado por trabajo, fatiga emocio-nal, despersonalización y disminución del sentido de logros personales: por lo cual en este artículo se describen las característi-cas demográficas, los riesgos psicosociales intralaborales, el síndrome y el impacto percibido sobre el trabajo por el COVID-19 en un grupo de psiquiatras. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo de serie de casos en trece psiquiatras incluidos por muestreo no probabilístico a conveniencia que completaron la escala de riesgo psicosocial intralaboral, la escala Maslach Burnout Inventory y una encuesta relacionada con coronavirus SARS-COV-2. Resultados: Los casos presentan una edad promedio de 35 años con predominio del sexo femenino. Para el 65,1 % de las personas encuestadas, la emoción prevalente fue angustia, temor al contagio e interferencia en el trabajo ante la situación de pandemia. El 69,2 % de los casos percibió que incrementó las actividades intralaborales, con aumento de consultas virtuales, resultados mayores a los obtenidos en estudios, donde los valores van desde el 30 % al 34,5 % en la misma dimensión. Conclusiones: La prevalencia de síndrome de desgaste profesional fue del 7,7 % en psiquiatras de una clínica de tercer nivel en Antioquia. En los trece casos reportados se encontró un riesgo muy alto, asociado con las condiciones laborales, así como con las actividades laborales ante la actual situación de pandemia por SARS-COV-2

Introduction: Burnout syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms related to wear and tear caused by work, emo-tional fatigue, depersonalization and decreased sense of personal achievement, for which demographic charac-teristics, intra-occupational psychosocial risks, burnout syndrome and the perceived impact on work by COVID-19 in a group of psychiatrists. Method: Descriptive study of a series of cases in 13 psychiatrists included by non-probabilistic convenience sam-pling, who completed the intra-occupational psychosocial risk scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory scale and a survey related to the SARS-COV-2 coronavirus. Results: The cases have an average age of 35 years with a predominance of the female sex, 65.1% of the cases reported that the prevailing emotion was anxiety, fear of contagion and interference at work in the face of a pandemic situation. 69.2% of the cases, they perceived that intra-labor activities increased, with an increase in virtual consultations, results greater than those obtained in studies, where the values range from 30% to 34.5% in the same dimension. Conclusions: The prevalence of burnout syndrome was 7.7% in psychiatrists of a third-level clinic in Antioquia, in the thirteen reported cases a very high risk was found associated with working conditions, as well as work activities in the current pandemic situation by SARS-COV-2

Introdução: A síndrome de Burnout é um conjunto de sinais e sintomas ocasionado pelo excesso de trabalho, fadiga emocional, despersonalização e diminuição do sentido de logros pessoais: portanto, este artigo descreve as caraterísticas demográficas, os riscos psicossociais no trabalho, a síndrome e o impacto pela COVID-19 percebido no trabalho de um grupo de psiquiatras. Métodos: Estudo descritivo de série de casos em treze psiquiatras incluídos por amostragem não probabilística a conveniência que completaram a escala de risco psicossocial no trabalho, a Escala Maslach Burnout Inventory é uma pesquisa relacionada com o coronavírus SARS-COV-2. Resultados: A idade média dos casos é de 35 anos com uma predominância feminina. Para o 65,1 % das pessoas pesquisadas, a emoção predominante foi à angústia, o medo de contágio e a interferên-cia com o trabalho na situação pandêmica. O 69,2 % dos casos percebeu o incremento das atividades laborais, com um aumento das consultas virtuais, resultados superiores aos obtidos em estudos, onde os valores variam entre 30 % e 34,5 % na mesma dimensão. Conclusões: A prevalência da síndrome de Burnout foi de 7,7 % em psiquiatras de uma clinica de terceiro nível em Antioquia. Nos treze casos relatados, foi identificado um risco muito elevado, asso-ciado ás condições de trabalho bem como as atividades de trabalho na atual situação pandêmica da SARS-COV-2

Psychological Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Mental Health Among Medical Students in Malaysia

@#Introduction: The Coronavirus disease-2019 impacted the governments and public health systems worldwide, with the psychological impact including an increase in the level of stress, anxiety and depression. We determine the prevalence of depression, anxiety and stress using the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21), and to determine the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic amongst medical students in Sarawak, Malaysia using the revised Impact of Event Scale (IES-R). Methods: We analysed 355 medical student’s data obtained from an online survey. All the undergraduate medical students were the sample population. IBM SPSS version 22.0 was used for data analysis. A p-value of ≤.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Analysis indicated that three-fourths of the students had no mental health issues. More than one-tenth of the students were moderately depressed (12.4%) and 4.3% severely depressed. A similar pattern of prevalence of anxiety was noted with 10% reported moderate anxiety, and 6.8% had severe anxiety. 15.8% of the students had mild stress, 4.2% moderately stressed, and 2% severely stressed. A hierarchical multiple linear regression analysis showed that hyperarousal appeared to be a predictor of depression (β=.466, p<.001), anxiety (β=.481, p<.001) and stress β=.508, p<.001). Along with hyperarousal, intrusion (β=.148, p<.05) predicts stress among the students. Conclusion: Our analysis revealed that hyperarousal symptoms related to the global pandemic of COVID-19 led to significant mental health issues among students. Therefore, urgent strategies to support the students’ psychosocial wellbeing and self-care and to strengthen their coping skills and resilience need to be implemented.